| Verrucosa | |
|---|---|
![]()  | |
| V. arenata | |
| Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota | 
| Kingdom: | Animalia | 
| Phylum: | Arthropoda | 
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata | 
| Class: | Arachnida | 
| Order: | Araneae | 
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae | 
| Family: | Araneidae | 
| Genus: | Verrucosa McCook, 1888  | 
| Type species | |
| V. arenata (Walckenaer, 1841)  | |
| Species | |
| 
 45, see text  | |
Verrucosa is a genus of orb-weaver spiders first described by Henry McCook in 1888.[1] It contains almost fifty described species, most of which live in South America. The only species in the United States is the arrowhead spider.[2]
Species
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V. furcifera from Brisbane, Australia
As of April 2019 it contains forty-five species:[3]
- Verrucosa alvarengai Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 – Brazil
 - Verrucosa apuela Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 – Ecuador
 - Verrucosa arenata (Walckenaer, 1841) (type) – USA to Panama, Greater Antilles
 - Verrucosa avilesae Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 – Ecuador, Colombia
 - Verrucosa bartica Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 – Guyana
 - Verrucosa benavidesae Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 – Colombia, Peru
 - Verrucosa brachiscapa Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 – Ecuador
 - Verrucosa cachimbo Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 – Brazil
 - Verrucosa cajamarca Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 – Peru
 - Verrucosa caninde Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 – Brazil
 - Verrucosa canje Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 – Guyana
 - Verrucosa carara Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 – Costa Rica
 - Verrucosa chanchamayo Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 – Peru
 - Verrucosa coroico Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 – Bolivia
 - Verrucosa cuyabenoensis Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 – Ecuador, Bolivia
 - Verrucosa cuyuni Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 – Guyana
 - Verrucosa cylicophora (Badcock, 1932) – Brazil, Paraguay
 - Verrucosa excavata Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 – Colombia
 - Verrucosa florezi Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 – Colombia
 - Verrucosa galianoae Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 – Brazil
 - Verrucosa guatopo Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 – Venezuela
 - Verrucosa hoferi Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 – Brazil
 - Verrucosa lampra (Soares & Camargo, 1948) – Brazil
 - Verrucosa lata Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 – Brazil
 - Verrucosa latigastra Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 – Guyana, Brazil
 - Verrucosa levii Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 – Brazil
 - Verrucosa macarena Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 – Colombia
 - Verrucosa manauara Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 – Brazil
 - Verrucosa meridionalis (Keyserling, 1892) – Brazil, Argentina
 - Verrucosa meta Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 – Colombia
 - Verrucosa opon Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 – Colombia
 - Verrucosa pedrera Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 – Colombia
 - Verrucosa rancho Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 – Venezuela
 - Verrucosa reticulata (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889) – Panama
 - Verrucosa rhea Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 – Brazil
 - Verrucosa scapofracta Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 – Brazil, Argentina
 - Verrucosa septemmammata Caporiacco, 1954 – French Guiana
 - Verrucosa sergipana Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 – Brazil
 - Verrucosa silvae Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 – Colombia, Peru
 - Verrucosa simla Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 – Trinidad
 - Verrucosa suaita Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 – Colombia
 - Verrucosa tarapoa Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 – Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil
 - Verrucosa tuberculata Lise, Kesster & Silva, 2015 – Colombia
 - Verrucosa undecimvariolata (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889) – Mexico to Argentina
 - Verrucosa zebra (Keyserling, 1892) – Brazil, Argentina
 
Verrucosa furcifera (Keyserling, 1886) from Queensland, Australia was placed in this genus due to its strong outer similarity. However, it is considered misplaced,[4] and is now Carepalxis furcifera.
References
- ↑ McCook, H. C. (1888). "Necessity for revising the nomenclature of American spiders". Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 1888: 74–79.
 - ↑ "Genus Verrucosa". BugGuide. Retrieved 2019-05-15.
 - ↑ Gloor, Daniel; Nentwig, Wolfgang; Blick, Theo; Kropf, Christian (2019). "Gen. Verrucosa McCook, 1888". World Spider Catalog Version 20.0. Natural History Museum Bern. doi:10.24436/2. Retrieved 2019-05-15.
 - ↑ Lise, Arno A.; Kesster, Cynara C.; Da Silva, Estevam L. Cruz (2015). "Revision of the orb-weaving spider genus Verrucosa McCook, 1888 (Araneae, Araneidae)". Zootaxa. 3921 (1): 1–105. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3921.1.1. PMID 25781566.
 
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Verrucosa.
"Verrucosa" at the Encyclopedia of Life
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